Attempts at reform through the "Unofficial Committee."
The most significant reform, providing personal freedom to peasants but leaving them in debt (redemption payments).
Radical movements culminating in the assassination of the Tsar in 1881. The Era of Counter-Reforms: Alexander III (1881–1894) kratkoe soderzhanie paragrafov po istorii rossii 9 klass
The formula of "Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality."
A period of "freezing" political life to maintain stability. Attempts at reform through the "Unofficial Committee
The slow decline of the nobility and the rise of the industrial proletariat (working class) and intelligentsia.
Attempts to create a class of individual land-owning peasants to stabilize the countryside. kratkoe soderzhanie paragrafov po istorii rossii 9 klass
The first organized noble opposition seeking a constitution and the abolition of serfdom. The Reign of Nicholas I (1825–1855)