An inguinal hernia, or hernie de l'aine in French, is a common medical condition characterized by the protrusion of abdominal contents (usually fat or part of the intestine) through a weakened area in the lower abdominal wall into the inguinal canal [1, 2]. These hernias are highly prevalent, especially in males, due to anatomical predispositions. While not always dangerous initially, they require proper medical evaluation to avoid complications like strangulation, making understanding their pathology crucial.

The most common symptom is a visible or palpable lump in the groin area, which often increases in size when standing, coughing, or straining, and disappears when lying down. Patients may experience discomfort, pain, or a burning sensation. Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination by a healthcare provider [1].

The inguinal canal is a passage in the anterior abdominal wall. A hernia occurs when intra-abdominal pressure causes tissues to push through a weakness in this area. Risk factors contributing to this weakness include chronic coughing, heavy lifting, constipation, and obesity. They are classified as either indirect (congenital) or direct (acquired through weakness) [2].