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: There is a significant concern that students may become overly dependent on AI tools, which could potentially hinder the development of critical thinking and creative expression in their second language.

: The use of AI raises difficult questions regarding student data privacy and the ethical implications of using algorithmic feedback for high-stakes language assessment. Conclusion Download 48(3)

: AI tools assist in labor-intensive tasks such as lesson planning, material development, and providing immediate feedback to students. : There is a significant concern that students

: A recurring theme in teacher feedback is the absence of adequate professional development. Many educators feel they lack the specific training required to use AI effectively and ethically in a classroom setting. : A recurring theme in teacher feedback is

: These technologies allow for more adaptive learning environments where instruction can be tailored to the specific proficiency levels and learning styles of individual students.

Teachers generally view AI as a powerful ally in managing the cognitive and administrative demands of the classroom. Key benefits identified by practitioners include: