: Major threats include habitat destruction from quarrying and mining, mechanical disturbance from rock climbing, and overshading caused by invasive vines or tree growth.
Bradley's spleenwort is highly specialized and is often referred to as an "Appalachian spleenwort". bradley's spleenwort
: The lower half of the stalk is a distinct shiny, reddish-brown or blackish color, while the upper half (the rachis) transitions to green. : Major threats include habitat destruction from quarrying
Bradley's spleenwort is a tufted perennial fern that grows in tight clusters. To identify it, look for these specific features: Bradley's spleenwort is a tufted perennial fern that
Due to its very specific habitat requirements and rare occurrence, it is considered a species of special concern in many states.
: It is listed as endangered in states like Illinois , Indiana, and Pennsylvania, and threatened in Ohio .